Minofu ya abrasive imagawidwa m'magulu atatu: yolimba, yapakati komanso yotayirira.Gulu lirilonse likhoza kugawidwa mu nambala, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nambala za bungwe.Chiwerengero chachikulu cha bungwe lachida cha abrasive, kuchepa kwa voliyumu ya abrasive muchida cha abrasive, ndi kuchuluka kwa kusiyana pakati pa abrasive particles, kutanthauza kumasula bungwe.Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chiwerengero cha bungwe chikakhala chochepa, bungwe limakhala lolimba.Ma abrasives okhala ndi minofu yotayirira sizosavuta kuphatikizika akagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikupanga kutentha pang'ono pakupera, zomwe zingachepetse kusinthika kwamafuta ndikuwotcha kwa workpiece.Mbewu zowonongeka za chida cha abrasive ndi bungwe lolimba sizili zophweka kugwa, zomwe zimapindulitsa kusunga mawonekedwe a geometric a abrasive chida.Kukonzekera kwa chida cha abrasive kumangoyendetsedwa molingana ndi chilinganizo cha abrasive panthawi yopanga, ndipo nthawi zambiri sichiyezedwa.Superabrasive bonded abrasives amapangidwa makamaka ndi diamondi, kiyubiki boron nitride, ndi zina zotero ndipo amamangiriridwa ndi wothandizira.Chifukwa cha mtengo wokwera wa diamondi ndi kiyubiki boron nitride komanso kukana kwabwino kwa mavalidwe, ma abrasive omangika opangidwa nawo amasiyana ndi ma abrasive abrasive bonded abrasives.Kuwonjezera pa superhard abrasive wosanjikiza, pali kusintha zigawo ndi magawo.The superabrasive layer ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito yodula, ndipo limapangidwa ndi ma superabrasives ndi othandizira ogwirizana.Matrix amathandizira pogaya ndipo amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga zitsulo, bakelite kapena zoumba.
Pali njira ziwiri zopangira ma abrasives omangira zitsulo, zitsulo za ufa ndi electroplating, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira ma abrasives olimba kwambiri.Njira ya zitsulo za ufa imagwiritsa ntchito bronze ngati binder.Pambuyo kusakaniza, amapangidwa ndi kutentha kukanikiza kapena kukanikiza firiji, ndiyeno sintered.Njira ya electroplating imagwiritsa ntchito faifi tambala kapena faifi tambala-cobalt aloyi monga electroplating zitsulo, ndi abrasive anaphatikizana pa gawo lapansi malinga ndi electroplating ndondomeko kupanga abrasive chida.Mitundu yapadera ya abrasives imaphatikizapo sintered corundum abrasives ndi fiber abrasives.Chida cha sintered corundum abrasive chimapangidwa ndi kusakaniza, kupanga, ndi sintering pafupifupi 1800 ℃ ndi alumina ufa wabwino ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa chromium oxide.Mtundu uwuchida cha abrasiveili ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika komanso mphamvu yayikulu, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza mawotchi, zida ndi magawo ena.Zida zopangira ulusi wa ulusi zimapangidwa ndi ulusi wa ulusi (monga ulusi wa nayiloni) womwe uli ndi kapena kumamatira ku abrasives.Iwo ali elasticity wabwino ndipo makamaka ntchito kupukuta zipangizo zitsulo ndi mankhwala awo.
Chigawo cha kusintha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizanitsa matrix ndi superabrasive layer, ndipo amapangidwa ndi wothandizira, omwe nthawi zina amatha kuchotsedwa.Zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi utomoni, zitsulo, zitsulo zopukutidwa ndi zoumba.
Njira yopangira ma abrasives omangika imaphatikizapo: kugawa, kusakaniza, kupanga, kutentha, kukonza ndi kuyang'ana.Ndi zomangira zosiyana, njira yopangira imakhalanso yosiyana.Mgwirizano wa ceramicchida cha abrasive makamaka atengera njira kukanikiza.Pambuyo kuyeza abrasive ndi binder molingana ndi kulemera kwa chiŵerengero cha chilinganizo, chiyikeni mu chosakanizira kusakaniza wogawana, kuika mu nkhungu zitsulo, ndi kupanga abrasive chida akusowekapo atolankhani.Zopanda kanthuzo zimawumitsidwa ndikulowetsedwa mu ng'anjo kuti ziwotchedwe, ndipo kutentha kowotcha nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 1300 ° C.Pamene sintered binder yotsika ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutentha kwa sintering kumakhala kochepa kuposa 1000 ° C.Kenako amakonzedwa molingana ndi kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo pamapeto pake mankhwalawa amawunikidwa.Ma abrasives okhala ndi resin nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pa makina osindikizira kutentha kwa chipinda, ndipo palinso njira zopopera zomwe zimatenthedwa ndi kukakamizidwa pansi pa kutentha.Akaumba, amaumitsidwa mu ng'anjo yowumitsa.Pamene phenolic utomoni ntchito ngati binder, kutentha kuchiritsa ndi 180 ~ 200 ℃.Zopangira mphira zomangira mphira zimasakanizidwa makamaka ndi zodzigudubuza, zokulungidwa m'mapepala opyapyala, ndiyeno nkumakhomerera ndi mipeni.Pambuyo kuumba, ndi vulcanized mu thanki vulcanization pa kutentha 165 ~ 180 ℃.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-05-2022
